Magnets yaje inzira ndende kuva mu busore bwawe mugihe waramaze amasaha ategura ayo mashusho ya plastike meza cyane kumuryango wa firigo ya mama. Ibinini byuyu munsi birakomeye kuruta ikindi gihe cyose kandi ubwoko bwabo butuma bigira akamaro muburyo butandukanye.
Rare Isi na magnesi ya ceramic - cyane cyane manini yisi idasanzwe - yahinduye inganda nyinshi nubucuruzi mukagura umubare wa porogaramu cyangwa gukora porogaramu zihari neza. Mugihe ba nyirubwite benshi bazi izi magnets, kumva icyaba zitandukanye birashobora gutera urujijo. Dore igituba cyihuse cyo gutandukana hagati yubwoko bubiri bwa magnesi, hamwe na synopsis yibyiza byazo nibibi:
Isi idasanzwe
Aya magufwa akomeye cyane arashobora kuba agizwe na neodymium cyangwa Samariya, byombi biri kuba Lanhanides yibintu. Samariya yakoreshejwe bwa mbere mu myaka ya za 70, hamwe na Neodymium magnets zizakoreshwa mu myaka ya za 1980. Nyiricyubahiro na Samarimu byombi ni ibintu bidasanzwe byisi kandi bikoreshwa mubisabwa byinshi byinganda harimo na turbine ikomeye hamwe nibibazo bya siyansi.
Neodymium
Rimwe na rimwe bita magnets kubintu birimo - Neodymium, ibyuma na Boron, cyangwa nib gusa - magnets gusa - magnets nini irahari. Ibicuruzwa ntarengwa byingufu (Bhmax) yiyi magnets, byerekana imbaraga zingenzi, zirashobora kurenza 50mgoe.
Iyo bhmax ndende - Hafi inshuro 10 kurenza magnet ya ceramic - bituma biba byiza kubisabwa, ariko hari umucuruzi urwanya ubushyuhe bwumuriro, bivuze ko iyo irenze ubushyuhe runaka, izabura ubushobozi bwo gukora. Tmax ya Magnets nini ni dogere 150, hafi kimwe cya kabiri cya samarium coabali cyangwa ceramic. .
Magnesits irashobora kandi kugereranywa hashingiwe kuri tcrie zabo. Iyo magnets yuzuye ubushyuhe burenze tmax yabo, mubihe byinshi barashobora gukira bigeze gukonje; Tcurie nubushyuhe burenze iyo rection idashobora kubaho. Kuri Neodymium Magnet, TCrurie ni dogere 310; Imashini ya Neodeymium yashyushye cyangwa irenga ubwo bushyuhe ntikuzashobora kugarura imikorere iyo ikonje. Ifunguro rya Samariya na Ceramic bombi bafite utuntu duhanitse, bituma bahitamo neza kubikorwa byo hejuru.
Abagabo ba Neodymium barwanya cyane kugambuka nimirima ya rukuruzi yo hanze, ariko bakunda ingendo kandi manini cyane bahite kugirango bakingire ruswa.
Samariya Cobalt
Samariya Cobal, cyangwa SACO, manini yabonetse mu myaka ya za 70, kandi kuva icyo gihe, bakoreshejwe muburyo butandukanye. Nubwo bidakomeye nka Neodeymium Magnet - Mamarium magnets mubusanzwe ifite bhmax ya 26 - izi magneti zifite amahirwe yo kuba ushobora kubasha kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi kuruta magnets ya Neodymium. Tmax ya Samariya Magnet nini na dogere 300, kandi tcrie irashobora kuba dogere 750. Imbaraga zabo ugereranije hamwe nubushobozi bwabo bwo kwihanganira ubushyuhe bukabije butuma biba byiza kuri porogaramu nyinshi. Bitandukanye na Neodymium magnets, Mamarium magnets ya Combarium irwanya neza ruswa; Bakunda kandi kugira igiciro cyigiciro cyo hejuru kuruta magneti ya Neodymium.
Ceramic
Bikozwe muri barium ferrite cyangwa strontium, magneti ya ceramic yabaye hejuru kuruta magnets idasanzwe kandi yakoreshejwe bwa mbere muri 1960. Magneti ceramic muri rusange ihenze kuruta magnets idasanzwe ariko ntabwo ikomeye hamwe na bhmax isanzwe ya 3.5 - hafi ya cumi cyangwa iri munsi ya neodymium cyangwa samarium magnets.
Ku bijyanye n'ubushyuhe, magnesi ya ceramic ifite tmax ya dolsius 300 kandi, kimwe na magisium magnets, tcurie ya dodees ya dogere 460. Magneti ceramic irwanya cyane korosi kandi mubisanzwe ntibisaba ko ari ikingira. Biroroshye gukomera kandi nabyo birahenze kuruta Neodymium cyangwa Samarium mabnets; Ariko, magnets ya ceramic iratontoma, ibahindura guhitamo nabi kubisabwa birimo guhinduka cyangwa guhangayika. Magneti ceramic isanzwe ikoreshwa mumyigaragambyo yo mu ishuri no gukoresha inganda n'inganda zikomeye kandi ubucuruzi, nkabashoramari bo mu rwego rwo hasi cyangwa mu rwego rwo hasi cyangwa turbine. Bashobora kandi gukoreshwa munzu kandi mugukora impapuro za magneti nibimenyetso.
Igihe cya nyuma: Werurwe-09-2022
